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समीक्षा -  सीमा शर्मा 

ge ,d ,sls ;qx esa th jgs gSa tgk¡ izkS|kSfxdh us gekjs thou esa egRoiw.kZ LFkku cuk fy;k gS vkSj fur&u, ifjorZu ?kfVr gks jgs gSaA ,sls esa bu ifjorZuksa ds vuq:i Lo;a dks <kyuk vkSj mu izHkkoksa ls Hkh Lo;a dks cpkuk ftuds dkj.k gekjk thou nq%lk/; gks ldrk gS] ,d pqukSrh gSA okLrfod nqfu;k lss vf/kd vkHkklh nqfu;k ge ij gkoh gSA ,d gh ifjokj ds yksxksa ds chp laokn oSlk ugha jg x;k gS tSlk fd gksuk pkfg, ;k fd iwoZ esa FkkA yksx vkHkklh nqfu;k esa [kks ls x, gSaA /kjkry ij ?kfVr ;FkkFkZ vkSj lw{e vuqHkwfr;ksa dks le>us dk vodk'k gh dgk¡ gSaA ,sls le; esa dfork fy[kuk vklku ughaA ,slh gh fdlh voLFkk dks /;ku esa j[kdj vkpk;Z jkepUnz 'kqDy us fy[kk gksxk& ^^T;ksa&T;ksa gekjh o`fÙk;ksa ij lH;rk ds vkoj.k p<+rs tk,¡xs] R;ksa&R;kas ,d vksj rks dfork dh vko';drk c<+rh tk,xh] nwljh vksj dfo deZ dfBu gksrk tk,xkA** eq>s yxrk gS fdlh ys[kd ds fy, fy[kuk 'kkSd ls vf/kd mldh foo'krk gksrh gS D;ksafd mldh Hkkouk,¡ mls fy[kus ds fy, foo'k djrh gSaA blh dk ifj.kke gS fd dfo jkds'k feJ ds rhu dkO; laxzg ,d lkFk izdkf'kr gq, gSaA ;g ,d lq[kn fLFkfr gSA ^vVd xbZ uhan*] ^pyrs jgs jkr Hkj* rFkk ^ftUnxh ,d d.k gS*A dqN gh eghuksa ds vanj budk nwljk laLdj.k Hkh izdkf'kr gks pqdk gS ;g budh yksdfiz;rk dks n'kkZrk gS vkSj ;g ,d miyfC/k gh ekuh tk,xhA

^vVd xbZ uhan* dkO; laxzg dh vf/kdka'k dforkvksa dk ewy fo"k; ^izse* gS( ftls dfo us mnkÙk :i esa fpf=r fd;k ^^eSa tkurk gw¡@gok esa gS@lqxa/k rqEgkjh@ij Mjrk gw¡ tjk&lk@dgha esjh eqV~Bh esa vkrs gh@rqe mM+ u tkvksA** dfo ds fy, ^izse* Nhuuk ugha lgstuk gSA ,d vU; dfork ^;kn* nsf[k,& ^^,d ljy gLrk{kj gS@rqEgkjh ;kn esjh lk¡lksa ij@rkEcbZ L;kgh esa fyiVh@udy djds ftldh@lk¡lksa ds gkf'k, ij@vDlj rqEgsa Nw ysrk gw¡A** dfo ds ;s mnkÙk Hkko ekuoh; o`fUr;ksa dk ifj"dkj djrs gSaA ^rLohj*] ^vkleku*] ^iyd*] ^rqEgkjk izse*] ^;kn*] ^ge&rqe*] ^I;kj*] rqEgkjh vk¡[ks*] ^rsjs&esjs*] ^gksaB*] ^rqEgkjh pkg*] ^frrfy;k¡*] ^<kbZ vk[kj*] ^mldh vk¡[ksa*] ^o`Ùk*] ^rqe* vkfn muds dforkvksa esa dfo us ^izse* ds vuks[ks vkSj ekSfyd Lo:i dh dYiuk dh gSA ^^rqe jgrs gks rks@nks cw¡n ueh ys vkrh gS@gok@rqe jgrs gks rks@vke dh egd ls ljksckj gks tkrh gS@fn'kk@rqe jgrs gkss rks@thou ds ikl jgrh gS@n;kA** izLrqr dfork dh vafre iafDr ^rqe jgrh gks rks thou ds ikl jgrh gS ^n;k* dgdj dfo us izse dks ,d vyx gh 'kh"kZ ij LFkkfir dj fn;k gSA ,d vU; dfork ^isze* esa dfo jkds'k feJ us ^^izse pjeksRd"kZ gS leLr fcUnqvksa ds chp** dgdj vius Hkko dks vkSj vf/kd Li"V dj fn;k gSA

izLrqr dkO; laxzg dk 'kh"kZd ^vVd xbZ uhan* dfo dh dksey Hkkoukvksa dk izrhd gSA ^^vk¡[kksa esa vVd xbZ uhan@liuksa esa dkSu vk;k@------ vk/kh gS /kjrh vk/kk vkdk'k gS@dks;y ds cksyksa esa vk/kh gh I;kl gS@gj dksbZ yxs gS ehr@liuksa esa dkSu vk;k@** uhan dk vVduk ij liuksa dk vkuk ;g tkxus vkSj uhan ds chp dh voLFkk gS ;k dgsa tkx`fr vkSj funzk ls ijs] ^l`tu dh voLFkk* tc dfo ,d vyx gh nqfu;k esa fopj.k djrk gS tgk¡ og tkxrk gS vkSj u gh iw.kZ uhan esa ugha igq¡p ikrk gSA

nwljs dkO; laxzg ^pyrs jgs jkr Hkj* esa dfo jkds'k feJ us ledkyhu lekt O;oLFkk ds fofo/k i{kksa dks ikBdksa ds le{k j[kk gSA bu dforkvksa esa fdlh izdkj dk okXtky ugha vfirq vuqHkwfr ds lkFk&lkFk fopkj rRo LokHkkfod :i ls fo|eku gSaA eqfDrcks/k ds 'kCnksa esa ^^thou txr ds laosnukRed Kku vkSj KkukRed laosnu esa lekbZ gqbZ vkykspuk n`f"V ds fcuk dfo deZ v/kwjk gSA** bl ifjHkk"kk ds vuq:i] jkds'k feJ ,d vkRepsrl O;fDr gSa tks oSfo/;e; thou ds izfr viuh laosnukRed izfrfØ;k vfHkO;Dr djrs gSa& ^^tc dHkh eSa@tehu ij@lks ikus dh d'ked'k esa@djoV cnyrk gw¡@esjs dku /kjrh dh vksj gksrs gSa -----djoVksa dk cnyuk@ dku /kjrh ls nwj j[kw¡@vk¡[ks vkleku dh vksj@vksj ,d pkjikbZ ys vkÅ¡@/kjrh ds cgqr djhc@uhan ugha vkrhA** ;s ljy vkSj lgt lh fn[kus okyh iafDr;k¡( fdruk xw<+] vFkZ leVs gSaA ge lHkh fdlh u fdlh izdkj blh iz;kl esa jgrs gSa fd ^/kjrh* ls dqN nwj jgsaA /kjrh dks NksM+ rks ugha ldrs( ;g gekjh foo'krk gS ysfdu cgqr ikl jgus ij gekjk Kku] vkSj laosnuk dqN u dqJN djus ds fy, izsfjr djrh gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa /kjkry dh tfVyrkvksa ls iyk;u lcls lqxe ekxZ gSA ,d vU; dfork ^jksfV;k¡* /kjkry dh [kqjnjh lPpkbZ dks n'kkZrh gSa& ^^ck¡/k nks@lw[kh jksfV;k¡@dVhys rkjksa ls@iksr nks@eD[ku@lw[kh jksfV;k¡@uaxh gksa@rks@nLrkot gksrh gSa@gekjh csbZeku vknfe;r dhA** dfo us ^'kgj* uked dfork es ^/kjrh* ls dqN nwj vkSj cprs ls yksxksa dk fcEc izLrqr fd;k gS&

^^yksx yVds gq, lyhcksa ls

dSls bZeku dk 'kgj gS ;sA

lkjk fnu nkSM+rs gSa 'kh'ks ij

tkus fdl tku dk 'kgj gS ;sA

iRFkjksa ds egy esa jgrk gS

lcls vutku lk 'kgj gSA

?kj lh dqN ckr gh ugha yxrh

[kRe igpku dk 'kgj gS ;sA**

?kjksa esa HkkSfrd lq[k lqfo/kk,¡ rks c<+ jgh gSa ysfdu viukiu vkSj laosnuk,¡ ?kV jgh gSaA HkkSfrd oLrqvksa ds tky esa f?kjk euq"; vdsyk gksrk tk jgkA D;k ek= HkkSfrd lq[k lqfo/kk,¡ euq"; dh lEiw.kZ nSfgd] ekufld ,oa ckSf)d vko';drkvksa dks iw.kZ dj ldrh gSa\ D;k viukiu Hkh cktkj ls [kjhnk tk ldrk gS\ ,sls gh fdlh Hkkokos'k esa dfo us ^vkneh* uked dfork fy[kh gksxh&

^^vkneh ds dke dk D;w¡ uk jgk [kqn vknehA

dkSu vkxs c<+ x;k [kqn ?kV x;k tc vknehA**

fo'ks"k ckr ;g gS fd dfo Lo;a dks Hkh bl vijk/kcks/k ls eqDr ugha j[k ikrk rHkh rks fy[krk gS& ^^esjh dfork@f?kj tkrh gS@,d /khes vijk/k cks/k ls@?kuk@?kgjk@uhyk@eSa Bgjk@cUnh@viuh t:rksa dkA** bl izdkj ^pqi gS vkneh* dfork orZeku lanHkZ esa cM+h izklafxd gS& ^^"kM;a= esa pqi gS vkneh@lqu jgh gS tc fn'kk Hkh@cksy u cksys gok Hkh@?kkr esa gj 'k[l gSA vc ugha og O;Dr gSA** ^nnZ*] ^eq>s rks*] ^dqN ckrsa*] ^Hkkxrk jgrk gw¡ eSa*] ^eSa yM+k dHkh ugha*] ^chr xbZ jkr*] ^dLrwjh dqaM*] ^Ñ".k fooj*] &flgju* vkSj ^dgk gS rqeus* ,slh dfork,¡ gSa tks laosnuk ds Lrj ij ikBd dks >d>ksjrh gSaA ;Fkk& ^^;s flgju@lkouh Qqgkjksa dk LiUnu gSA D;k QdZ gS@blesa vkSj mlesa@tks iSnk gksrh gSA vkrad ds u,&u, dkjukeksa@usrkvksa ds c;kuksa vkSj@csjkstxkjh lsA**

foosP; dkO;&laxzg dh dfork,¡ blds 'kh"kZd ^pyrs jgs jkr Hkj* dks lkFkZd cukrh gSaA ;gk¡ pyuk fu:n~ns'; ugha gSA dfo vius KkukRed laosnu ds vk/kkj ij lewps lekt dh fLFkfr;ksa dks tkap&ij[k ysuk pkgrk gS] blds fy, og fujarj pyrk jgrk gS dHkh l'kjhj rks dHkh oSpkfjd :i ls& ^^Hkkxrk jgrk gw¡@eSa@esjk lewpk vfLrRo@Mjrk gS@fdlh Hkh iM+ko ls@ iM+ko@lR; gksrs gSa muds tks@igq¡p pqds gSSaA Fkd pqds gSa@eSa Fkduk rks ugha pkgrkA** dfo dh bl pkg dk izek.k izLrqr dkO; laxzg dh dforkvksa ds :i esa ns[kk tk ldrk gSA

mijksDr nksuksa dkO; laxzgksa ds ckn dfo jkds'k feJ dk rhljk dkO;& laxzg ^ftUnxh ,d d.k gS*] ekuoh; thou dks le>us dk ,d iz;Ru gSA bl iz;Ru dks leh{; laxzg dh izfrfuf/k dfork esa ns[kk tk ldrk gS& ^^ftUnxh@,d d.k gS@mi;ksx ljy@le> eqf'dy gS@,d vuar [kkst gS@lery xgjkb;ksa dhA** izLrqr dfork tSls thou dh ifjHkk"kk cu tkrh gSA feJ th izLrqr laxzg esa ftUnxh dh ek= ifjHkk"kk izLrqr ugha djrs oju~ mls thus dk lyhdk Hkh crkrs gSa& ^^thuk gS@mlds fy,@ftlls ftUnxh vPNh yxrh gS@thuk gS@mlds fy, Hkh ftl fcu@ftUnxh ugha gSA**

bu dforkvksa dh ldkjkRedrk ikBd dks viuh vkssj vkÑ"V djrh gSA ;g dfork dk ,slk nkSj gS tc udkjkRed dfork,¡ [kwc fy[kh tk jgh gSa] ljkgh tk jgh gSa vkSj efgek eafMr Hkh dh tk jgh gSaA ,sls le; esa bu dforkvksa dk vkuk ubZ ÅtkZ ds lapkj djus tSlk gSA thou dh tfVyrk,¡ viuh txg gSa ysfdu mUgha ds chp ldkjkRedrk <wa<uk vkSj mls thuk ,d dyk gSA blhfy, dfo esa fdlh izdkj dh grk'kk ugha oju~ mlds fy, rks ^^pednkj vkd"kZ.kksa ls@xq¡Fkh gS ftUnxhA** fo'oHkj esa volkn xzLr yksxksa dh la[;k fujarj c<+ jgh gS mlesa Hkh gekjk ns'k 'kh"kZ ij gSA ,sls esa izlUu jgus ds fy,] volkn eqDr jgus ds fy, HkkSfrd lq[k&lqfo/kkvksa ds lkFk&lkFk thou dss NksVs&NksVs {k.kksa esa [kqf'k;ksa dh ryk'k djuh gksaxhA dksbZ cM+h [kq'kh fdlh euq"; ds thou esa fdruh ckj vk ldrh gS\ ysfdu NksVh&NksVh [kqf'k;ksa dks gj ,d {k.k esa vuqHkwr fd;k tk ldrk gS&

^^,d cPps dh vkokt

thjs dh egd ls ljkcksj

Qsjh yxkrh gS

esjh psruk dh xyh esaA** blh izdkj ^^viuh m¡xfy;k¡] ck¡/kdj  eSaus jksi yh NVk¡d Hkj ftUnxhA** ,d vU; dfork Hk; ugha dk va'k ^^Hk; ugha@r`".kk ugha@dsoy vkuan@;g {k.k gh lR; gSA** dfo LoHkkor% izkÑfrd voLFkkvksa esa Hkh ldkjkRedrk [kkst ysrk gSA ^cjlkr* dfork dh iafDr;k¡ n`"VO; gS& ^^cjlkr@/kjrh dh leL;kvksa ds izfr@vkleku dk ldkjkRed izLrko gSA** foosP; laxzg dh dfork,¡ izlUurk vkSj mYykl ls Hkjiwj thou dk lans'k nsrh gSa blds fy, vko';d gS fd O;fDr /kjrh ls tqM+k jgs( viuks ds lkFk jgs vkSj thou ds dqN fl)kUr gSa mudk vuqikyu Hkh gksA gj O;fDr ds thou esa fl)kUr vyx gksrs gSaA D;ksafd ;s ekuo fufeZr gS rks fHkUurk rks LokHkkfod :i ls gksxh ghA mUgsa ns[kus dh lcdh viuh n`f"V Hkh vxy gks ldrh gSA

dfo ds 'kCnksa es& ^^dqUuw fjD'k okys dh tks:@ugha cSBrh@fjD'ks dh lhV ij@cSBrh gS@dsoy ik;nkj ij@dgrh gS@fl)kUr dh ckr gSA**

oSls rks ek¡ ij vusdkusd dfork,¡ fy[kh x;h gSa fdUrq ;gk¡ dfo jkds'k feJ us ek¡ dk ,d vyx gh fp= [khapk gS&

^^ek¡ rqe@esjs [kkjs eVeSys vk¡lqvksa esa f[kaph@lkQ rLohj gks@esjh LofIuy eqLdqjkgVksa dh@,d ek= n'kZd@esjs liuksa us Hksth gS@ ftruh Hkh fpfV~B;k¡@mu lc dk irk gkss rqe@ek¡A**

lEiw.kZrk esa ns[kssa rks jkds'k feJ ds rhuksa dkO; laxzg ,d&nwljs ls furkar fHkUu HkkoHkwfe ij fy[ks x, gSaA ^vVd xbZ uhan^ izse dforkvksa dk laxzg gS rks ^pyrs jgs jkr Hkj* esa thou lss tqM+s fofo/k i{kksa dk la/kku fd;k x;k gS rFkk ^ftUnxh ,d d.k gS* tSls ,d nk'kZfud /kjkry ij fy[kk x;k dkO; laxzg gSA bu rhuksa dkO; laxzgksa esa dqN dfork,¡ ,slh gS tks nwljs dkO; laxzg esa Hkh vk xbZ gSA vxys laLdj.k esa bldk lq/kkj gksuk pkfg,A Hkko ,oa Hkk"kk dh n`f"V ls dfork,¡ lgt ,oa xzká gSaA dforkvksas dh ;g fo'ks"krk ikBd dks viuh vksj [khaprh gS vkSj dfo ds Hkko dks le>us esa enn djrh gSA 'kqDy th ds vuqlkj& ^^dfork dk vafre y{; txr esa ekfeZd i{kksa dk izR;{khdj.k djds mlds lkFk euq"; ân; dk lkeatL; LFkkiu gSA** 'kqDy th dh bl dlkSVh ij jkdss'k feJ dh dfork,¡ [kjh mrjrh gSaA

iqLrd & vVd xbZ uhan                     iqLrd & pyrs jgs jkr Hkj

ys[kd & jkds'k feJ                       ys[kd & jkds'k feJ

izdk'kd & jk/kkÑ".k izdk'ku] fnYyh           izdk'kd & jk/kkÑ".k izdk'ku] fnYyh

ewY;  & 395 :i;s                        ewY; & 595 :i;s

iqLrd & ftUnxh ,d d.k gS

ys[kd & jkds'k feJ

izdk'kd & jk/kkÑ".k izdk'ku] fnYyh

ewY;  & 395 :i;s

,y&235] 'kkL=huxj]

esjB ¼m0iz0½

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